Reactive behaviour in dogs can be a significant challenge for many dog owners. Reactivity can present itself as barking, lunging, or growling at other dogs, people, or other stimuli. A reactive dog can make going for walks or simple, everyday tasks extraordinarily stressful situations. One common concern I've read from dog owners, myself included, is whether it's too late to train their dog to stop being reactive.
Understanding Reactivity in Dogs
Reactivity in dogs refers to overreactive responses to certain stimuli. These can include other dogs, strangers, bicycles, loud noises, or even specific environments. Understanding what triggers your dog's reactivity is the first step in addressing the issue. For example, some dogs might be reactive due to fear, while others might be displaying territorial or protective behaviours.
Can Older Dogs Be Trained?
A common myth is that older dogs can't learn new behaviours, but this couldn't be further from the truth. You can teach any dog at any age how to settle. While puppies might be more adaptable, older dogs are perfectly capable of learning and changing their behaviours when you provide consistent routines and training schedules.
Neuroplasticity, the ability of the brain to form and reorganise synaptic connections, plays an important role in learning and adapting at any age (for both humans and dogs). Many dog owners have successfully trained older dogs to manage and reduce reactivity, demonstrating that age should not be treated as a barrier to training.
Steps to Manage and Reduce Reactivity
- Assessing Triggers and Thresholds: Identify what triggers your dog's reactive behaviour and understand the distance at which your dog begins to react. This distance is known as the threshold. With our dogs, we often use the analogy of a bucket, so when we notice that their reactions are becoming more frequent to triggers they've previously dealt with, we know that their bucket is "full."
- Desensitisation and Counter-Conditioning: We've written a few more expansive posts on this subject, but the idea is that you gradually expose your dog to the trigger at a distance they can handle without reacting. Pair this exposure with something positive, like treats or praise, to improve their emotional response.
- Consistency and Patience: Training a reactive dog requires consistent practice and patience. Progress might be slow, but each small step forward is significant.
Working with a Professional Trainer
Having a support system is invaluable when training older dogs who have been practising unwanted behaviours for years. Seeking professional help can be incredibly beneficial and a skilled dog trainer or behaviourist can provide personalised strategies and support. When choosing a trainer, look for someone with experience in handling reactive and/or aggressive dogs. Testimonials and success stories can offer reassurance and insight into the trainer's effectiveness.
Practical Tips for Everyday Management
- Tools: Use equipment like harnesses or muzzles to ensure safety during walks.
- Environment: Create a safe and controlled environment at home and during outings to minimise reactive episodes.
- Gradual Socialisation: Slowly and carefully introduce your dog to new situations to build confidence and reduce reactivity. Although it's a difficult concept to grasp, it is recommended to avoid all triggers until the dog is ready. Check out our Short Guide on Clicker Training to help you establish better training foundations for your dog.
It really never is too late.
I know I've already said this, but it is never too late to train your dog not to be reactive, or at least lessen their reactive tendencies. With the correct techniques, some much-needed consistency, and sometimes professional help, you can help your dog lead a calmer and more fulfilling life.
The most important thing to remember is that every dog is unique and progress may vary, but with dedication, positive change is possible. Make sure your expectations of what your dog can handle are realistic, and take the first step today and see the difference it can make for you and your four-legged friend.
